Hormones and Menopause

Hormones are chemical messengers that tell your body how to function. While sex hormones are often associated with reproduction and sexual desire, they influence mood, energy, sleep, and overall health.

Hormonal changes begin in the brain, with GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) from the hypothalamus

GnRH signals the pituitary to release FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone), which instruct the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone

Perimenopause: Ovarian hormone production becomes irregular

Estrogen dominance can occur when progesterone drops faster than estrogen, contributing to symptoms

Hormone Highlights

Drives development of reproductive system and secondary sexual traits

After menopause, estrogen is made in fat, skin, and the brain through the enzyme aromatase

Imbalances may cause hot flashes, mood swings, and irregular periods

Supports menstruation and early pregnancy

Declines during perimenopause, leading to irregular cycles and symptoms

Produced mainly by ovaries, also in smaller amounts by adrenal glands

Supports muscle, strength, libido, mood, energy, and motivation

Levels decline during menopause, affecting overall well-being

GnRH (Hypothalamus)

Signals the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH

FSH (Pituitary Gland)

Stimulates ovarian follicles and estrogen production

LH (Pituitary Gland)

Triggers ovulation and supports progesterone production